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Pharmacopoeia

Pharmacopoeia

by | 2929,Jun, 2023 | medical

Powerful, tailor-made therapeutics

In China, medicinal plants are considered a “national treasure” and are widely used for both preventive and curative purposes. Indeed, in its country of origin, Chinese pharmacopoeia is used as a priority therapy. It is considered more powerful than acupuncture.

Chinese pharmacopoeia is a traditional medical system that has been developed in China for thousands of years. It is based on a holistic approach to health, aimed at restoring the balance between body and mind. It is used primarily to maintain health, but also to heal. It is a living discipline that continues to evolve over time.

Chinese pharmacopoeia is based on a set of principles and theories that form the foundation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The most important of these are: Yin and Yang, Qi (vital energy), and the Five Elements (wood, fire, earth, metal and water). According to these principles, health is the result of a harmonious balance between these forces and elements. Any imbalance or obstruction in the flow of energy leads to illness.

Before prescribing a herbal preparation, the Chinese doctor will carry out a diagnosis to assess the imbalances at the root of the patient’s symptoms. Each prescription, even if it’s based on existing recipes called formulas, will thus be tailored to each patient’s individual terrain and temperament.

More than 100,000 formulas registered

Since the origins of Chinese pharmacopoeia, numerous formulas have been developed by great physicians. Some have been enriched, and new ones developed over time. There are many treatises listing these formulas. For example, Zhu-su’s Prescriptions of Universal Help, under the Ming dynasty, contained 61,739 formulas from Ancient China. More recently, the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Prescriptions, compiled by the Nanjing University of TCM, lists all the formulas in existence since the beginning of TCM. It contains over 100,000 prescriptions!

A formula is always made up of several plants or substances. Indeed, Chinese pharmacopoeia relies on the combined effect of several plants to create a synergistic effect. This also minimizes the side-effects of taking a single plant in large quantities, or eliminates the toxic effects of a single plant. Different substances can act on different aspects of the disease or on different organs.

The formula thus treats the disease with the aim of balancing the whole body and correcting underlying imbalances. With this in mind, the formula will be tailored to each patient’s specific condition. Likewise, depending on the evolution of the disease or changes in the patient’s state of health, the proportions and herbs used can be adjusted accordingly.

Thousands of plants and substances

The Chinese pharmacopoeia contains several thousand substances, of which around 300 are commonly used. Most of these substances come from plants, but they may also include other elements. For example, we find mineral substances (cinnabar, sulfur, magnetite etc.), animal substances (bones, shells, birds’ nests, pearl powder etc.), insects (ants, silkworms, scorpions etc.). Medicinal preparations can also include other substances such as beeswax, honey and resinous substances. The list is not exhaustive.

Medicinal plants are selected on the basis of their specific properties, taste, nature and interactions with the body’s organs.

Chinese pharmacopoeia takes into account contraindications and potential interactions between different herbs.

A formula is elaborated by respecting “the particular combination of the Monarch, the Minister, the Assistant and the Guide”.

The Monarch remedy is the essential ingredient of the formula, holding the curative role for the main symptom targeted. The Minister reinforces the curative effect of the Monarch; the Assistant cooperates with the first two to enhance their therapeutic effects and enable them to be better tolerated. Finally, the Guide remedy directs the effects of the other herbs towards the organs to be treated and regulates the properties of the other herbs.

Chinese pharmacopoeia uses various methods of preparing medicinal herbs, such as decoctions (Tāng), infusions (Zhǒu), powders (Sǎn), tinctures (Jiǔ) and pills/tablets (Wàn). Decoctions are the most common.

A therapy not conducive to self-medication

In the light of what has just been said, this may seem obvious. But let’s not forget. Chinese pharmacopoeia is effective, but it must be prescribed judiciously, following a diagnosis of Chinese medicine. Indeed, an illness, according to the criteria of Western or allopathic medicine, may conceal different pathological pictures in the eyes of Chinese medicine. This is why each patient will be prescribed a formula adapted to his or her case.

Moreover, Chinese medicine considers that a disease evolves over time. This is why treatments vary rapidly with each course of treatment. From day to day, a patient’s condition evolves. Medicinal plants are then adapted to the patient’s evolving diagnosis. This is why, even if a patient took a formula a few weeks or months ago, and it was beneficial, it will not necessarily be appropriate if certain – apparently similar – symptoms recur. They are strongly advised to consult their Chinese doctor again.

Bitter-tasting remedies?

If pharmacopoeia is the most widely used therapy in Chinese medicine, it’s because it’s effective. The Chinese are pragmatic, and are not there to please themselves, but to heal themselves. Many Westerners are more sensitive to the comfort aspect of a therapy. Yes, it must treat effectively, but as pleasantly – or as unpleasantly – as possible.

If acupuncture scares some people, it’s often much worse with Chinese concoctions! Some don’t even feel brave enough to swallow them, while others throw them in the garbage can. Western noses and palates have undoubtedly become too fussy about their own health…

Over and above individual tastes and dislikes, the taste of a preparation varies greatly from one formula to another, ranging from rather sweet to very bitter. Decoctions are generally drunk twice a day. The preparation of a decoction requires a certain amount of time, which may also put some people off. But many Chinese pharmacies now cook them and deliver them vacuum-packed to their customers.

The acupuncture

The acupuncture

by | 3030,May, 2023 | medical

An energy therapy that spans time

Acupuncture is part of traditional Chinese medicine, which dates back thousands of years. Its exact origins are shrouded in legend and myth. But it is estimated that the medical practices behind acupuncture began in China over 2,000 years ago.

According to legend, acupuncture was discovered by accident. A Chinese healer noticed that pain in certain parts of the body could be relieved by inserting needles into other parts of the body. This observation led to the development of acupuncture as a healing technique.

The use of acupuncture spread in China over the centuries. Practitioners developed complex systems of acupuncture points and specific techniques to treat various disorders. Acupuncture is often combined with other therapeutic techniques, such as moxibustion and cupping.

Over time, acupuncture spread to other parts of Asia, then gradually became popular throughout the world. The word acupuncture was coined by the Jesuits in the 16th century when they discovered Chinese medicine; its real name is Zhēn Jiǔ, meaning the art of metal needling and moxibustion.

A Taoist vision of Man and the Universe

Acupuncture was introduced to Europe in the 17th century by Willem Ten Rhyne, a Dutch physician, but really took off in the mid-20th century. Scientific studies are regularly carried out to evaluate its effectiveness. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) an “official medicine”. Acupuncture, an integral part of TCM, is therefore recognized as a medical technique.

According to UNESCO, “Traditional Acupuncture is a therapeutic art which bases its diagnostic and therapeutic reasoning on a Taoist energetic vision of Man and the Universe”.

Acupuncture is based on the concept of Qi (pronounced “chi”), which is considered a vital force present throughout the universe and within the human body. According to Chinese medicine, when Qi circulates freely and is balanced in the body, health is present; conversely, blockages or imbalances in Qi can lead to health problems.

Acupuncture involves stimulating specific points on the body by inserting fine metal needles into the skin at varying depths. The needle has a sleeve, often made of twisted copper alloy, which acts as an antenna to let the qi flow in and out. These acupuncture points are located along energy channels called meridians, which are considered to be the circulation routes for Qi in the body.

Acupuncture meridians

Acupuncture meridians, also known as energy channels, are the invisible pathways through which Qi (vital energy) flows in the body, according to TCM.

A complex network of meridians connects different parts of the body, forming an interconnected energy system. According to TCM, these meridians carry the vital energy called Qi throughout the body. There are 12 main meridians associated with specific organs and named after them. For example, the liver meridian is associated with liver function, the bladder meridian with urinary function, and so on. Each meridian has a specific course through the body, and passes through specific acupuncture points.

The most commonly used points number 361, but there are over 1000 acupuncture points in the body. Each meridian is associated with a specific organ and physiological function.

Each meridian is associated with specific characteristics, such as times of day when its energy is most active, seasons of the year, emotions and symptoms that may be linked to its imbalance.

For example, the lung meridian is associated with autumn, sadness and respiratory problems.

Freeing the flow of Qi

When Qi is blocked or unbalanced, the practitioner of Chinese medicine looks to see which meridians are affected. A diagnosis is then made, and a therapeutic strategy defined. Inserting acupuncture needles into the points will restore energy balance by stimulating the flow of Qi, and releasing energy blockages.

The needles are left in place for a certain length of time (usually between 20′ and 45′), and can also be stimulated by different means (manual, electrical, moxibustion). Acupuncture brings about a global rebalancing of this energy network, which in turn affects organ function. As the acupuncture sessions progress, balance returns and health is restored.

Sometimes, acupuncture treatment can be combined with a prescription for Chinese pharmacopoeia. The number of sessions required will depend on the individual patient and how he or she responds to the treatment. In general, the longer the illness or disorder, the more time (and therefore acupuncture sessions) will be needed to overcome it. Conversely, an acute, mild or recent disorder can be resolved in one or two sessions.

The many benefits of acupuncture

The benefits of acupuncture are many. It can help relieve pain, reduce stress and anxiety, improve sleep quality and strengthen the immune system.

It can also be used to treat menstrual disorders, fertility problems and sleep disorders. This list is far from exhaustive…

In certain rare cases, there may be an over-reaction after an acupuncture session, which may suggest a worsening of symptoms. But don’t panic, as everything usually returns to normal within a few hours.

In some Asian countries, notably China and Vietnam, although allopathic medicine has taken on a major role, people still turn to their ancestral medicine when they don’t get the results they expect from so-called Western medicine.

The meridian network

What has been translated as meridian is called in Chinese 经络 Jīng Luò, meaning “meridians and collaterals”. Jīng 经, before referring to “meridian”, means “to pass through”, or “channel”. Luò 络 translates as “entwined”, “continuous”. So the Jīng Luò constitute a network of intertwined, continuous channels that allow you to “pass through”.

The main channels all communicate with each other. This inter-connection is supported by other smaller, or secondary, channels called luò (collaterals). They are fundamental in connecting all parts of the body.

The existence of this vast network explains the holistic vision of TCM. This network extends throughout the entire body. Consequently, to act on one part is to act on the whole entity. Conversely, it is impossible to isolate a part without considering it as a whole. The network principle is fundamental to understanding how acupuncture works.

Channels and collaterals, like rivers, allow free circulation. This means the free circulation of the fundamental TCM substances qì (气), blood (血 xuè) and body fluids (浸液 Jìn yè). In classical texts, there are numerous images referring to the circulation of qì and blood in the body, likening them to rivers and seas. The names of many acupuncture points refer to this, such as Qū chí (LI11) the elbow basin, Chǐ zé (Po5) the ulnar swamp, Qì hǎi (Ren6) the qì sea, Fù liū (Rn7) restore the current, to name but a few. The term 经 Jīng itself can be translated as river.

Restored fertility

Restored fertility

by | 2929,Apr, 2023 | medical

Chinese medicine to help infertility

According to recent WHO figures, one in six people worldwide is affected by fertility problems, and the numbers are growing. They affect men and women equally. Of these cases of infertility, 20% are caused by both partners at the same time.

These fertility problems are a source of concern and even stress for many couples. And yet, there are solutions!

According to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), fertility problems are due to energy dysfunctions. It is therefore sufficient to restore the energy balance in the partner(s) concerned so that the organs involved in procreation have all the energy they need.

A study carried out in the gynaeco-obstetrics department of the maternal and child clinic in Gan Shu province, China, demonstrated the effectiveness of TCM in this area. Two groups received two different treatments. One group was treated with ovulation stimulators from Western medicine, the other group was treated with acupuncture and moxibustion. The acupuncture group had 65% higher success rates than the group treated with chemical medication.

In addition, doctors were able to observe a 35-45% higher chance of success for patients receiving IVF – in vitro fertilisation – while being treated with acupuncture at the same time.

Causes of female infertility in TCM

Chinese medicine lists several causes that may be involved in these fertility issues. These will be identified through a personalised diagnosis. Here are the main causes of infertility in women.

  • The accumulation of “Mucus-Moisture”:

Like Blood Stasis, the accumulation of “Mucus” can interfere with fertilisation. This accumulation can also be the cause of overweight, abundant and viscous leucorrhoea, or even mucus in menstruation.

  • A deficiency of the “Kidneys”:

The Kidney belongs to the water element, which is also responsible for the genitals. It is considered as the battery of the body. Therefore, if the energy of the Kidney is low, the body does not allow pregnancy in order to avoid further loss of energy. Or, if the pregnancy starts, it may be interrupted by a miscarriage. In the case of a weak Kidney, menstruation may be rare and libido may be reduced.

fille verifiant son test de grossesse.
  • A deficiency of “Xue” (Blood):

Blood is involved in the conception of the foetus. If there is a lack of Blood, the pregnancy cannot take place. A deficiency of Blood results in a pale complexion, dizziness, lack of strength, weakness and general fatigue.

  • A blockage of the Liver qi:

The function of the Liver is to store and distribute Blood. When Liver qi is stagnant, it causes Blood stasis. This type of blockage is very common. It is notably generated by anger, frustration, or by states of stress. It is generally accompanied by premenstrual syndromes (breast pain, painful periods, not very abundant but with dark blood, and sometimes blood clots).

The cold womb

  • Cold accumulation in the uterus and blood stasis:

The “cold womb” is very common. There is too much “cold in the womb and in the uterus”, which prevents fertilisation or implantation. This is because the embryo needs warmth to implant. The majority of women who come to us for fertility advice have this syndrome. The cold also causes a slowdown which can create “blood stasis” preventing pregnancy. These stases are manifested in particular by dark red periods, clots, pain in the lower abdomen which is aggravated on palpation.

Un homme avec sa femme enceinte
  • Blockage of the “Shen” (spirit):

In some cases, everything works well, the conditions are right for procreation… but the woman, even if she wants a child, suffers from unconscious fears. These fears can be related to work, family, financial situation, …

In this case, the “Shen” (Spirit) is agitated, and the woman can unconsciously block fertilisation.

​A significant improvement in sperm quality

Chinese medicine is equally effective in improving male fertility. It helps to generate an increase in the production of spermatozoa; it improves their morphology and increases their motility. Finally, it helps to resolve hormonal imbalances that can affect fertility. Here again, we take care to re-establish the overall energy balance, and in particular that of the Kidney, the Liver and the Spleen.

A study was conducted by the College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion at Shanghai TCM University on sperm abnormalities. The patients were treated with acupuncture, and it was found that there was an improvement in the quantity and quality of sperm and sex hormones in the following levels:

  • FSH (follicle stimulating hormone): + 33
  • LH (luteinising hormone): + 35.3
  • Oestrogen: + 57.1
  • Testosterone: + 65.1

Acupuncture, like Chinese herbs, increases blood flow to the pelvic cavity, strengthens the kidney and thus optimises the functioning of the sexual organs and stimulates the body’s natural hormone production.

This has the effect of increasing the quantity and quality of semen.

gamète mâle et femelle

Of course, any fertility treatment will need to take into account environmental factors and the lifestyle of the partners. The stress caused by various factors, including the difficulty of procreating, can only increase the energy blockages. The couple can then become trapped in a vicious circle.

Chinese medicine – acupuncture and pharmacopoeia – can also significantly improve the management of stress and disturbing emotions. This is an equally important factor in allowing the couple to release the pressure… and to put themselves in a state of serenity and welcome conducive to procreation.

Healthy living and fertility

In addition to the energy imbalances mentioned above, certain environmental factors are harmful to fertility in both men and women. These include

  • Being overweight or underweight,
  • extreme working conditions such as prolonged exposure to heat or long transport times,
    stress,
  • lack of sleep,
  • use of stimulants such as tobacco, alcohol, drugs, including coffee in excess,
  • exposure to pesticides (endocrine disruptors),
  • exposure to other toxic substances (arsenic, lead, aluminium, mercury, parabens, bisphenol A etc.),
  • too intensive sport,
  • prolonged exposure to mobile waves (wifi, 4G, bluetooth…).

But above all, fertility requires that both parties in the couple take care of their state of being and accept to trust Nature. When their overall balance is good, and their state of mind serene and confident, then they are available to welcome Life… when the time comes. For despite the progress of science, procreation remains a mystery and a grace.